Federico Razzoli

Federico Razzoli is a database professional, with a preference for open source databases, who has been working with DBMSs since year 2000. In the past 20+ years, he served in a number of companies as a DBA, Database Engineer, Database Consultant and Software Developer. In 2016, Federico summarized his extensive experience with MariaDB in the “Mastering MariaDB” book published by Packt. Being an experienced database events speaker, Federico speaks at professional conferences and meetups and conducts database trainings. He is also a supporter and advocate of open source software. As the Director of Vettabase, Federico does business worldwide but prefers to do it from Scotland where he lives.

ALERT: Many Cassandra users may need an urgent upgrade

by Federico Razzoli | Cassandra

Cassandra 4.0 GA was released on 26th July 2021. It's a great version, with lots of new features and optimisations! But... what happens to the older versions? Last time I checked, some months ago, apparently some old versions users would need to upgrade quickly,...

Automating interactive programs execution with Expect

by Federico Razzoli | Database Automation

To automate deployments and administration, we need non-interactive programs. This is because we want to be able to apply something like an Ansible playbook, or a Puppet manifesto, and see the changes propagating to any number of remote host. If we had to manually...

Cassandra login error: Cannot achieve consistency level LOCAL_ONE

by Federico Razzoli | Cassandra

Do you get this error when applications try to establish a connection to Cassandra? 2019-08-10 14:03:51,698 ERROR [com.datastax.driver.core.Cluster] (Production Cluster-reconnection-0) Authentication error during reconnection to 10.0.10.10/10.0.10.10:9042,...

MariaDB 10.6: A Review

by Federico Razzoli | MariaDB

MariaDB 10.6 went Generally Available (production ready)! The first GA version is 10.6.3, released on 6th July 2021. I've made a quick test and I want to put my own thoughts and comments here. For more details, take a look at the Changes and Improvements in MariaDB...

MariaDB Ignored Indexes

by Federico Razzoli | MariaDB

MariaDB introduced ignored Indexes in version 10.6. The feature is substantially very similar to MySQL Invisible Indexes (docs), introduced in version 8.0. Here we'll see how to use Ignored Indexes drop indexes in production with a reasonable risk. See our MariaDB...

Finding Duplicate Indexes and Unused Indexes in MariaDB/MySQL

by Federico Razzoli | MariaDB, MySQL

Indexes are designed to speed up queries against a table. However, they come with a cost: every time a INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE statement is executed against a table, its indexes must be updated. And since indexes are ordered data structures, updating them is more...

First impressions about immudb, the immutable database

by Federico Razzoli | Other Databases

I keep an eye on new database technologies, and I kept an eye on immudb for some time. So I was excited when I've read the immudb 1.0.0 release announcement! And I decided to make some experiments with it, and make my impressions public. I would like to mention that,...

The risks of replication filters in MariaDB and MySQL

by Federico Razzoli | MariaDB, MySQL

MariaDB and MySQL support what they call replication filters. This feature allows us to determine which tables are replicated, and which are not. Filters can be set on a replica to filter-in tables and databases: the replica will not replicate everything...